Two-day unified entrance exams for universities and colleges began Saturday at 736 test centers across Japan, with a record 777 universities and colleges taking part.
This year's applicants totaled 543,385, down about 10,000 from last year, reflecting decreasing childbirths.
Exams on civics, geography and history, and Japanese and foreign languages will be held Saturday. Exams covering science and math will be given Sunday.
Saturday's exams include an English listening comprehension test introduced in 2006 to boost the ability of Japanese to communicate in the language.
The ratio of final-year high school students to total applicants stood at 78.8 percent, the highest level so far, and that of those who graduated from high school earlier totaled 20.0 percent.
The government began organizing unified exams for national and local government-run universities and colleges in academic year 1979 and upgraded them in academic year 1990 for use also by private universities and colleges.
http://asia.news.yahoo.com/080119/kyodo/d8u8kgv01.html
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